- Learning concepts for Lines
- Ray / Segment Rays are infinite in one direction; segments have ends.
- Parallel Lines that are always the same distance apart.
- Intersecting Lines that cross at exactly one point.
- Transversal Line that cuts across more than one line.
- Learning concepts for Angles
- Types Identify acute, right, obtuse and straight angles.
- Size Angles are measured in degrees e.g. 45°.
- Equal Angles that are the same size: vertically opposite and alternate angles.
- Supplementary Two angles that add up to 180° e.g. adjacent angles on a straight line.
- Alternate Alternate angles formed by the transversal of parallel lines are equal.
- Corresponding Corresponding angles formed by the transversal of parallel lines are equal.
- Co-interior Co-interior angles formed by the transversal of parallel lines are supplementary.
- Learning concepts for Triangles
- Definition A triangle has three sides. Its interior angles add up to 180°.
- Types Right-angled, equilateral, isosceles triangles.
- Learning concepts for Congruence
- Definition When triangles are identical (same shape and size), they are congruent.
- Reflection Triangles remain congruent, whether moved, rotated or reflected.
- Requirements Minimum requirements for congruence include three sides, two sides and an angle, two angles and a side or a 90° angle and the hypotenuse and a side.
- Learning concepts for Similarity
- Definition Similar triangles have the same shape: their corresponding angles are equal and their corresponding sides are in proportion.
- Requirements The minimum requirement for similarity is for two of the three corresponding angles to be equal.
- Enlarge/Reduce Enlargements and reductions change the size of triangles, but not the shape.
- Parallel When two parallel lines are cut by two transversals that form two triangles, then the triangles are similar.
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